**Benefits of Encapsulation:**

- **Access Control:** You want users to access the data only in specific ways. They can’t directly modify or reach the internal data.

- **Easier Debugging:** The code becomes clearer and more structured. If issues arise, you know that only the defined methods are responsible for changing or reading the data.

- **Security:** Controlled access prevents mistakes and ensures data protection.

- **Flexibility for Changes:** You can change the way data is stored internally without affecting the code of external components that interact with it.

**Encapsulation**

Encapsulation is one of the core principles of object-oriented programming. Its purpose is the modularization of data and functionality—meaning the unification of data and the operations on that data within a single place. It controls what kind of access there is to the data and methods inside an object, while the outside world can only interact with them through defined methods.

When we say something is "encapsulated," it means the data (literally, the variables) is hidden from others, and its access is controlled. This allows for safer, more stable, and easier-to-manage programs.